Discussion leader Mod 10 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Conversation pioneer Mod 10 - Essay Example For instance, I take adequate breaks to loosen up, never take dismissal or assaults on my own and consistently guarantee that am a stride in front of the associations current targets (Ben-Zur, 2009). Cutoff times and courses of events are an ordinary piece of the business condition. At the point when workers don't fulfill time constraints and courses of events, the best arrangement is maintaining a strategic distance from the situation inside and out. It is imperative to enlist the opportune individuals and instill them into the business culture. The administration should lead visit setting, conveying and checking of objectives and norms at each degree of the association. Subsequently, limiting business disappointment because of failure to comply with time constraints. I have held the situation of a lower level chief for an all-inclusive time. Therefore, I have come to adore working with the individuals on the ground. The experience is both satisfying and fulfilling. I have turned down numerous more elevated level overseeing advancement offers. I am not scared of the degree of responsibility and difficult work required, rather, I might not want to lose the chance to work straightforwardly with the representatives. Throughout the years, I have obtained gigantic information concerning the administration of subordinates. Any effective business chief or business person will disclose to you that worker inspiration and duty is the way to progress (Markos and Sridevi, 2010). Perhaps the greatest deterrent to finishing day by day exercises at work is an absence of clear bearings and time-confined objectives. Indeed, even busy working, a representative needs to separate the organization’s objectives into little reachable exercises that have a period limit. Henceforth, a worker will have the option to meet their normal destinations at the specified

Government Policies to Control Consumption Patterns The WritePass Journal

Government Policies to Control Consumption Patterns Theoretical: Government Policies to Control Consumption Patterns ). The government’s principle point in the situation portrayed for the situation study is to energize single couples with no kids to start families and they accept this would be conceivable if the administration empowered the utilization of different items other than food and drinks. Subsequently, the administration has concocted two diverse approach choices to encourage the presentation of such conduct. The main strategy plans to expand the discretionary cashflow of all families so as to energize the utilization of items other than food and refreshments. In addition, the administration additionally wishes to furnish money related advantage to family units with youngsters which will likewise expand their discretionary cashflow. The second approach alternative is to dishearten the utilization of food by burdening food items. Along these lines, this will conceivably urge families to buy different items aside from food.â However, the administration likewise wishes to guarantee tha t the families don't turn out to be more terrible off and are as upbeat as they were beforehand. So as to analyze this circumstance in detail, it is critical to utilize the guide of different monetary and logical models. Consequently, this report will start with a system which portrays the strategies used to investigate and illuminate this circumstance by picking the best approach choice. The report will at that point initiate with an assessment of every one of the strategies and their successive effect upon the government assistance of these families in detail. The report will at that point investigate the diverse arrangement choices and their social setting, subsequently coming to an end result with respect to whether both of the approach choices are reasonable or recommending other strategy choices which might be progressively appropriate for this situation. Philosophy: 2.1 Numerical and Theoretical Methodology So as to dissect the circumstance portrayed in this situation, this report will utilize different financial models and speculations. The principal financial hypothesis and numeric monetary model that will be utilized to break down these strategy alternatives is the Utility Maximization Models and the Expenditure Minimization Models. The initial step will be to locate the ideal utility groups of both the merchandise and the partner level of utility of products and cause examinations between them so as to figure out which pack is offering the most utility. The Utility Maximization strategy utilizing the Cobb Douglass capacity will be utilized so as to discover the mix of merchandise that give ideal utility to the family units. This will at that point be trailed by the consumption minimization procedure to figure out which mix of products will encourage least use and be an ideal and appealing decision for every one of the three family units. It is likewise basic to compute the impact of strategy upon the interest for items and to likewise ascertain the interest for the crate of products without approach. This will be finished with the guide of the ideal interest work for every one of the families without arrangement and with strategy. Along these lines the different spending focuses for every one of the alternatives will be resolved and the government assistance elements of every one of the choices for the three family units will be built. The ideas of purchaser hypothesis and value flexibility of interest will likewise be considered in deciding the viability of the two approaches and figuring out which strategy is the best arrangement to use so as to empower the utilization of different merchandise other than food and drinks. Graphical Methodology: The report will utilize the spending focuses inferred in the numerical estimations of the investigation led and afterward develop spending lines and lack of concern bends so as to figure out which choices are ideal for the administration and give greatest utility to purchasers without diminishing their government assistance. The report will likewise utilize request bends and Engel bends to fittingly come to an end result with respect to the two approaches referenced. In the event that neither of the arrangements appear to be appropriate, the report will offer an elective strategy and give a clarification of why this approach is more reasonable than the ones referenced in the situation. Examination of Both Policy Options: 3.1 Price Elasticity of Demand: The idea of value versatility of interest quantifies the degree to which the amount requested changes with an adjustment in cost. There are essentially two kinds of versatility which incorporates flexible interest and inelastic interest. It is fundamental for governments to know the value flexibility of interest to decide if the ramifications of expenses will bring about the demoralization or support of buying certain items. Hence, so as to decide if arrangement choice 1 or approach alternative 2 would end up being progressively viable, it is basic for the administration to know the value versatility of interest of food and in the case of forcing a duty upon food items will bring about the demoralization of the acquisition of food items and urge customers to buy different items (Andreyeva,, Long,, Brownell,2010). On the off chance that the interest for food items is versatile, this implies approach alternative 2 which is the inconvenience of a duty upon food items may end up being successful in urging family units to buy different items other than food. Be that as it may, if the value versatility of interest for food items is inelastic, this implies arrangement alternative 2 might be incapable in urging shoppers to request different items other than food items. In any case, the legislature must guarantee that the burden of an assessment upon the different family units won't decline their particular government assistance and will leave them as glad as they already were. The burden of an assessment may diminish the government assistance of the particular family units and may along these lines demonstrate not to be an ideal approach. In addition, the interest for food and refreshments is probably going to be pretty much inelastic as food and drinks are necessities which must be devoured (Starr, 2011). Therefore, the idea of value flexibility of interest is relevant on account of arrangement choice 2 yet may not end up being powerful with a 10% expense and potentially not even with the burden of a 15% assessment as though the interest for food and refreshments is inelastic, the inconvenience of a duty won't influence request to an enormous degree however may somewhat influence interest for all families. Be that as it may, it will diminish the government assistance of male-headed families as they go through a most extreme measure of their cash upon food and drinks and may likewise diminish government assistance of female headed families. Nonetheless, the duty may not be as successful upon the use examples of couples (Bhargava, 2013). Utility Maximization Principle: The utility expanding guideline expresses that customers should buy the blend of products that amplifies utility and guarantees that each dollar spent on that great builds their utility as opposed to bringing about decreasing utility. Shoppers are urged to buy a blend of products which expands their utility in all regards (Chor, 2010). Henceforth, so as to locate the utility boost work, it is basic to initially discover the spending imperative of every great. On the off chance that the pay of every family is roughly $600 and a bushel of food and refreshments costs $15 while a unit of every single other item costs $20. The spending limitation for buyers with $600 for a bin of food and drinks is equivalent to 40 crates of merchandise and ventures (See Appendix A).The spending imperative for buying every other item with a salary of $600 is 30 units of different things (See Appendix A). In this manner, expecting that customers are as of now buying at most extreme utility, the utility cap acity for the blend of these two items for couples is: U(x1, x2)=â 12/25(x1) 11/4 (x2) The resulting utility capacities for different families are appeared in the reference section. While plotting the spending requirements and the greatest utility focuses on the aloofness bends, clearly couples are boosting their utility with their present mix of food and refreshments yet male headed families can amplify their utility by buying a greater amount of different items and less of food and drinks (Gertler Karadi, 2011). Female headed family units can likewise expand their utility by buying different items other than food and drinks. Be that as it may, taking a gander at this situation, clearly while expanding the discretionary cashflow of families with youngsters by offering them additional advantages, this will sequentially build their way of life and may urge couples to have kids in the future.â Moreover, expanding the extra cash of couples by $40 will just permit them to buy two extra units of different items. In any case, the acquisition of two of these extra units may build their way of life and may permit the legislature to accomplish their objective of urging couples to have youngsters (Stavins, 2010). By burdening food and drinks and receiving arrangement alternative 2, the legislature is diminishing utility for all families as the greater part of the families spend a significant extent of their salary upon food and refreshments. In this way, strategy choice 2 isn't prudent when considering saving government assistance steady for couples and perhaps expanding it for families. Use Minimization Problem: The legislature has two thought processes when settling on an approach alternative, the first being to boost or improve government assistance and to likewise limit their own use upon the strategy choice that they pick (Refer to Appendix B). Under strategy choice 1, the administration is bringing about an overwhelming consumption after contribution the two families kid benefits and furthermore offering a personal tax reduction to expand discretionary cashflow. This will cause the administration adequate use and won't limit the government’s consumption. Nonetheless, arrangement alternative two is expanding the government’s income as the legislature will be forcing an assessment upon food and refreshments which is a need and will subsequently be procuring re

here comes a thought

here comes a thought ive been thinking about pi day and decisions lately and the song here comes a thought from steven universe01 i debated with myself for such a long time on whether or not i should post just the audio or the full music video, and decided the video was so gorgeous it didnt matter that it probably makes little sense to most people. came into my head, and i thought the words were really fitting for the emotions we feel towards college admissions decisions. of course, steven universe is a cartoon show and the lyrics relate to a different thing from college admissions. but there are points in the song that evoke the same emotions. something you did that failed to be charming things that you said are suddenly swarming its easy to find negative emotions during this time in your life. i remember decisions day when i applied early action. i could barely concentrate in class because my mind was swarmed with thoughts, thoughts of what my decision could be. even though i told myself i didnt really care what the result would be, i felt sick to my stomach. a colleges admission decision, for almost all of us, is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. its not often that you know the exact time and date that a potentially life-changing decision arrives. and so admissions decisions can be hard to ignore and easy to lose yourself in. oh, youre losing sight, youre losing touch all these little things seem to matter so much that they confuse you in the scheme of things that is your life, your undergraduate college experience will usually be four years. you have so much to do afterwards. regardless of what your decision may be, you have not failed nor succeeded in life. your life is your own, and you alone will dictate how youll grow and change as an individual over the next four years, not the admissions officers. take a moment, remind yourself to take a moment to find yourself take a moment and ask yourself if this is how we fall apart? but its not, but its not, but its not, but its not, but its not its okay, its okay, its okay, its okay, its okay its okay to be nervous, anxious, excited, whatever emotions youll feel right before you view that decision. remind yourself to breathe and ground yourself, even if just for a second. and we, the bloggers, will be here with you, talking with you, and existing in the same virtual space as you when the time comes. and it was just a thought, just a thought, just a thought, just a thought, just a thought its okay, its okay, its okay, its okay, its okay we can watch, we can watch, we can watch, we can watch them go by from here, from here, from here Post Tagged #decisions #Pi Day #steven universe i debated with myself for such a long time on whether or not i should post just the audio or the full music video, and decided the video was so gorgeous it didn't matter that it probably makes little sense to most people. back to text ?

Evolution Of Hiv / Aids - 1767 Words

Throughout Ecology of HIV/AIDS in the Rural South, my peers and I been taught about the vast disparity between HIV/AIDS incidence and prevalence rates in the Rural South in comparison to the rest of the United States. More specifically, this divide encompasses many factors; such as race, socioeconomic status, education level, and access to health care. One cannot contract HIV/AIDS from being African-American, using drugs intravenously, or homosexuality. But, one can contract HIV/AIDS from birth, unsanitary needles and unprotected sexual intercourse. It is in these risk factors where the HIV/AIDS disease is bred and festers over time, usually asymptomatic in the early stages before developing into a visible illness that is associated with mortality, stigma and discrimination. HIV is more than a disease; it is an epidemic plaguing numerous citizens across America, with the majority localized to the Rural South. The HIV epidemic in the United States continues to be a public health calamity. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services estimates that 1.1 million Americans are living with HIV, and HIV rates are continuing to increase throughout the country, leading to about 56,000 new HIV infections yearly. However, being diagnosed with HIV is no longer the life sentence that it was in the past. But, for those living with the virus in Jackson, Mississippi, having HIV/AIDS remains a terrible â€Å"curse† (â€Å"HIV/AIDS in Mississippi: A Terrible Curse†). Per the Mississippi CenterShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding The Evolution, Life History, And Aids, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome868 Words   |  4 PagesEbola and HIV Ebola, and AIDS, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, are both dangerous zoonotic diseases that originated in Sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS, the result of HIV, human immunodeficiency virus, has been an ongoing pandemic for decades. Meanwhile, the first Ebola case was recognized in the 1976 and has incurred severe sporadic outbreaks but has been controlled (Rajak, 2015). While both rapidly mutating RNA viruses, several key factors have allowed AIDS, to become a worldwide pandemic while EbolaRead MoreHiv / Aids : A Deadly Disease1474 Words   |  6 PagesName Course Tutor Date HIV/AIDS Introduction Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome, which is popularly known as AIDS is a deadly disease as it attacks and adversely destroys body’s immune system. AIDS is brought about by a virus called Human Immune-Deficiency Virus, better known as HIV. This virus is minute, even invisible to a powerful microscope and can remain in the body for years without showing any visible symptoms. AIDS is the final stage of infection of the virus. It takes a period of aboutRead MoreAids: Is It a Modern Plague?943 Words   |  4 PagesAIDS: Is it a Modern Plague? In some parts of the world there are still wars being fought and dictators in power. There are societies which consider themselves at the peak of evolution and progress. They are able to create state of the art automobiles, luxurious homes, efficient and organized industries, complex computerized machinery and atomic weapons. Many societies are governed by a democratic system which herald a belief in freedom. All societies, regardless of their politicalRead MoreSocial Services During Sub Saharan Africa951 Words   |  4 PagesHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a disease that has evolved over time into an epidemic. Sub-Saharan Africa is the region of the world with the highest population of infected individuals and some of the lowest access to resources needed provide preventative education, treatment, and support for the disease. This study examines five studies conducted within the past ten years, in order to gain an understanding of the impact social services have on people living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa. TheRead MoreThe Human Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Essay770 Words   |  4 Pagesimmune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a retrovirus that is found in two forms HIV-1 and HIV-2. The AIDS virus is a relatively new virus receiving attention in the 1980’s. As quickly as it swept through the world, was as quickly it went to epidemic proportions. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome is a virus that enters and infects the body through sexual activity with an infected party. AIDS is a very infectious and dangerous virus that causes the death of many humans. AIDS is characterized by two singleRead MoreCorrections Trends1053 Words   |  5 PagesCorrections Trend Evolution Roshanda Washington CJA/394 July 10, 2013 Tamra Washington Correction Trends Evolution Prisons are at a higher demand in this economy. As our world expands there are more crimes that are on rise and more individuals who are being sloppy and being caught for the crimes that they are committing. With more people being captured that leaves less space to house these criminals. We face more problems now than we did in the earlier years, now individuals are committingRead Morecase study 11111 Words   |  5 Pagesfind the RNA sequences of the chimps. 3. What might scientists gain from knowing the location of the origin of hiv? By knowing the origin, they might be able to find a direct way to treat the virus incase someone was infected or even work on finding a cure for HIV. 4. How might siv have â€Å"jumped† from a chimpanzee to a human? Outline the series of events that would have led to the origin of hiv from an siv ancestor. Zoonosis: a disease that can be transmitted from humans to animals. Different ways thisRead MoreIsaiah Bouromphongsa . 2Nd Hour. Mrs. Klaren. 4/12/17.1013 Words   |  5 PagesIsaiah Bouromphongsa 2nd Hour Mrs. Klaren 4/12/17 HIV vs. Ebola HIV and Ebola are often compared to each other, but they are very different viruses. HIV also known as human immunodeficiency virus is one of two retroviruses that infect and destroy helper T cells of the immune system, causing a reduction of T cells. Ebola is an infectious and fatal disease that starts with fever and internal bleeding, spread through contact with infected bodily fluids by a filovirus. In The Hot Zone, Richard PrestonRead MoreHuman Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )1325 Words   |  6 PagesImmunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the agent causing AIDS, is arguably the deadliest infectious disease to affect humans. Not only because of the affects it has on the body by the eventual collapse of the immune system, but because it is a master at evading and escaping the immune responses and antiretroviral drugs by constantly mutating and maintaining genetic variation. Vaccines are designed to recognize specific viral antigens which makes it almost impossible to develop one against HIV . Recent studies haveRead MoreMovie Analysis : Forrest Gump 829 Words   |  4 Pagesvirus could be HIV probably. Until today, the HIV continues to be hazardous virus and no effective treatment to cure. The best way to remedy HIV are early prevention and use HAART which we called drug cocktail therapy. What is HIV? Depends on the introduction of U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, â€Å"HIV† stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a particular virus that taking over and destroying the immune cell to impair human immune system and only infect mankind. The AIDS that people

Death And Love Emily Dickinson - 1679 Words

Emily Dickinson, born in a puritan and religious family in the town of Amherst, Massachusetts, is known to be one of the greatest poets of all time. However, she is characterized because she seldom left her home and had few visitors. By 1860, Dickinson lived in almost complete isolation, and yet the few people to ever have contact with her were a huge influence on her poetry. Grief, was Dickinson’s primary companion, especially during her writing period, which some scholars attribute as the time between 1858 and 1865. Similarly, Giacomo Leopardi, who specialized in the analysis of the cause of human unhappiness, went through what is referred to poetic silence (1823-1830). That is to say, Leopardi was also a victim of his own seclusion. What connects both poets despite them not crossing paths on earth is their focus on death and love as recurring themes in their poems. Leopardi’s thoughts evolved from the gradual awareness of his own unhappiness, which was caused by the solitude and isolation of his upbringing. Both poets are prominent in world literature, but what was it that made them what they are? Is it their solitude, grief and unrequited love what led them to share interest in both death and unhappiness? It is clear that for both poets, their decision to live life as recluses did not close their mind whatsoever, but rather allowed the flow of new thoughts and inner experiences with self-discovery. Overall, many of Dickinson’s poems refer to an invisible lover, -Show MoreRelatedEmily Dickinson s Poems On Death, Religion, And Love1119 Words   |  5 Pages Emily Dickinson was a famous American poet whose work was published in the late 19th century. Her writing style was seen by many as unconventional due to her use of â€Å"dashes and syntactical fragments†(81), which was edited out by her original publishers. These fragmented statements and dashes were added to emphasize certain lines and subjects to accentuate the theme of her poems. Emily Dickinson wrote descriptive, moving poems on death, religion, and love. Her poems continue to create gripping discussionsRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Writing Style1191 Words   |  5 PagesEmily Dickinson was one of the many famous American poets whose work was published in the 19th century. Her writing style was seen as unconventional due to her use of â€Å"dashes and syntactical fragments†(81), which was later edited out by her original publishers. These fragmented statements and dashes were added to give emphasis to certain lines and subjects to get her point across. Even though Em ily Dickinson was thought to be a recluse, she wrote descriptive, moving poems on death, religion, andRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Amazing Gifts As A Poet1178 Words   |  5 Pagesher. Emily Dickinson became recognized as one of the greatest female poet in American literature after her death in 1886. Emily Dickinson personal life experiences are reflected in her poetry writings. Her poetry shows the difficulties and needs of human relationship with writing that is moving and captivating. Emily Dickinson was born on December 10, 1830 in Amherst Massachusetts. She was well educated and attended the Amherst Academy. Her father was Edward Dickinson, he wasRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Emily And The English Specking World Essay1744 Words   |  7 Pages Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson is a very well-known poet. Emily wrote many poems. She has written 1700-2000 poems (4) According to Nicolas Tredell, there was â€Å"only eleven poems published during her lifetime.† (4) She did not know about most of them being published. Dickinson’s sister found the poems and turned them in to be published. Emily did not want her poems to be seen. Dickinson is one of the great poets. Her poems were produced by America and the English-specking world (1). Emily had aRead MoreEmily Dickinson s `` Because I Could Not Stop For Death `` Essay1355 Words   |  6 PagesModernism for Emily Dickinson has to do with the uncertainty. Emily Dickinson was a somber thinker who doesn’t try to enlighten anyone of anything. Her poems were uniquely written and she wrote about the uncertainty, which makes her poetry easy to empathize with in the 21st century. The 21st century, is a period of science which is used as a tool to make sense of the uncertainty. Emily Dickinson uses her poetry as a means to question and observe the trauma of human existence. For instance, she doesn’tRead MoreThe Works of Emily Dickinson726 Words   |  3 Pages Emily Dickinson’s writing reflects the Realistic period through personal themes: death, isolation, God, marriage, women in society, and love. Dickinson’s writing is affected by numerous factors. Among these are her family, the Realism period, and her life experiences. Emily Dickinson herself was a sort of mystery. Emily Dickinson’s background had a profound effect on her writing. Family always plays an important role in the upbringing of an individual. Her grandfather had a prominent position inRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe and Emily Dickinson Compare and Contrast Essay1596 Words   |  7 PagesEdgar Allan Poe and Emily Dickinson, Compare and Contrast Emily Elizabeth Dickinson and Edgar Allan Poe are two of the biggest poets in American Literature from the 1800s. They had many things in common from their writings about death and sadness, because of their unfortunate losses in life, to the fact that they were both born in Massachusetts. They were also different in many ways. They were different in the way they looked at life and wrote about their experiences from it. While it is obviousRead MoreAnalysis Of The Letters Behind The Locked Box By Emily Dickinson1571 Words   |  7 PagesThe Letters Behind the Locked Box - Emily Dickinson â€Å"If I read a book and it makes by whole body so cold no fire can ever warm me, I know that is poetry† (Emily Dickinson). This effect that Emily is referring to is the impact her writing has on her readers. Her life from beginning to end is one that is a bit mysterious, however it clearly reveals more detail as one becomes more familiar with her writing in accordance with her lifetime. Emily was an amazing poet that was purely honest andRead MoreMortailty and Eternity in Emily Dickinson Poems Essay1541 Words   |  7 PagesEmily Dickinson is the epitome of the modern poet. Her poetry breaks from the traditional style with dashes to separate ideas. Dickinson, also, challenged the religious belief of her time. Growing up as a Puritan in Massachusetts, Emily Dickinson knew the bible, yet as an adult, she questioned that belief. Many of her poems seem focused on death; death of the body, death of the soul, death of the mind. Why was she so intrigued with death? The poems that embody this theme are: â€Å"Success is countedRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Life And Work962 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Dickinson is considered to be one of the best and most original American poets. Her writing style and views on themes such as religion, love, and death are what make her stand out from other poets of the nineteenth century. Dickinson was a recluse; she spent most of her time within the confines of her home and avoided most other people (Brand). Because of this hermit-like behavior it is questioned where the inspiration for her poems came from. Although Dickinson had an uneventful social life

Blood Promise Chapter Nineteen Free Essays

string(64) " Seeing her straight on, I was surprised at how pretty she was\." For someone who had preached to Denis about impulse control, I wasn’t setting a very good example. Once left alone in the suite, I continued trying everything possible to get out-emphasis on the â€Å"try† part. Nathan had acted like keeping a prisoner was a rare thing, but from what I could tell, this place had been built to hold people in. We will write a custom essay sample on Blood Promise Chapter Nineteen or any similar topic only for you Order Now The door and window remained impassible, no matter how hard I beat at them or threw objects against them. I didn’t bother with the chair this time and instead used one of the living room’s end tables, hoping it would carry some extra heft. It didn’t. When that didn’t work, I actually tried entering random codes into the door’s keypad. Also useless. Finally, exhausted, I collapsed onto the leather sofa and tried to assess my options. The process didn’t take very long. I was trapped in a house full of Strigoi. Okay, I didn’t know that for sure, but I knew there were at least three here, which was far too many for me. Dimitri had referred to this place as an â€Å"estate,† which I didn’t find comforting. Estates were big. The fact that I appeared to be on the fourth floor was proof of that. A big place meant that there could be lots of room for lots of vampires. The one comfort I had was that Strigoi didn’t cooperate very well. Finding large groups of them working together was rare. I’d observed it a couple of times-the attack on the Academy being one such occasion. They’d come then because the school’s wards had dropped, and that had been a big enough incentive for the Strigoi to unite. Even when they did try to work together, the unions were usually short-lived. The friction I’d observed between Dimitri and Nathan was proof of that. Dimitri. I closed my eyes. Dimitri was the reason I was here. I’d come to free him from this state of living death and had promptly failed, just as he’d said. Now, it appeared I might be on the verge of joining him. Yeah, good job, Rose. I shivered, trying to imagine myself as one of them. Red rings around my pupils. Tanned skin gone pale. I couldn’t picture it, and I supposed I’d never have to actually see myself if it happened. Strigoi cast no reflections. It would make doing my hair a real pain in the ass. The scariest change of all would be within, the loss of my connection to my soul. Both Dimitri and Nathan had been cruel and antagonistic. Even if I hadn’t been around to start the fight, it probably wouldn’t have taken long for them to find some other reason to turn on each other. I was combative, but it was always driven by some passion for others. Strigoi fought because they relished the bloodshed. I didn’t want to be like that, seeking blood and violence because I enjoyed it. I didn’t want to believe that of Dimitri either, but his actions had already branded him as a Strigoi. I also knew what he had to have been eating this whole time to survive. Strigoi could go longer without blood than Moroi, but it had been over a month since he was turned. There was no question he had fed, and Strigoi almost always killed their victims to eat. I couldn’t picture that of Dimitri†¦ not the man I’d known. I opened my eyes. The topic of feeding had brought my lunch to mind. Pizza and brownies. Two of the most perfect foods on the planet. The pizza had long gone cold during my escape efforts, but as I stared at the plate, both it and the brownie looked delicious. If the outside light was any indication, it hadn’t been a full twenty-four hours since Dimitri had caught me, but it was getting pretty close. That was a long time to go without food, and I wanted to eat that pizza badly, cold or not. I didn’t really want to starve to death. Of course, I didn’t want to become Strigoi either, but this situation was quickly running away from what I wanted. Starvation took a long time, and I suspected Dimitri was right: he’d turn me long before I had a chance to truly starve. I’d have to find some other way to die-God, not that I wanted that at all-and in the meantime, I decided I might as well keep up my strength on the feeble chance I might be able to escape. Once the decision was made, I gobbled down the food in about three minutes. I had no idea who Strigoi hired to do their cooking-hell, Strigoi couldn’t even eat regular food, unlike Moroi-but it was fantastic. Some wry part of me noted that I’d been given food that required no silverware. They really had thought of every possible way I might get my hands on a weapon. My mouth was full of my last giant bite of brownie when the door suddenly opened. Inna slipped deftly inside, the door shutting almost immediately. â€Å"Son of a bitch!† Or at least I tried to say that through my mouthful of food. While I’d been debating whether to eat or not, I should have been staking out the door. Dimitri had said Inna would check in on me. I should have been waiting to overpower her. Instead, she’d gotten in while I wasn’t paying attention. Once again, I’d slipped up. Just like when she was around Dimitri and Nathan, Inna made very little eye contact. She held a pile of clothes in her arms and paused in front of me, holding them out. Uncertain, I took them from her and set them beside me on the couch. â€Å"Um, thanks,† I said. Pointing at the empty tray, she actually glanced up at me shyly, a question in her brown eyes. Seeing her straight on, I was surprised at how pretty she was. You read "Blood Promise Chapter Nineteen" in category "Essay examples" She might even have been younger than me, and I wondered how she’d ended up being forced to work here. Understanding her query, I nodded. â€Å"Thanks.† She picked the tray up and waited a moment. I wasn’t sure why; then it occurred to me she must be waiting to see if I wanted anything else. I was pretty sure â€Å"the combination to the lock† wouldn’t translate very well. I shrugged and waved her off, my mind spinning as I watched her approach the door. I should wait for her to open the door and then jump her, I thought. Immediately, a gut reaction sprang up in me, hesitation at striking out at an innocent. Another thought squashed that one: It’s me or her. I tensed. Inna pressed herself close to the door as she punched in the combination, effectively blocking my view. Judging by how long she was punching in numbers, the code appeared to be pretty long. The door clicked open, and I braced myself to act. Then-I decided against it at the last moment. For all I knew, there could be an army of Strigoi out there. If I was going to use Inna to escape, I probably only had one opportunity. I needed to make it count. So, instead of leaping up, I shifted slightly so that I could see beyond her. She was just as fast as before, slipping out as soon as the door unlocked. But in that moment, I caught a glimpse of a short corridor and what looked like another heavy door. Interesting. Double doors on my prison. If I did follow her, that would prevent me from making an immediate escape. She could simply wait by the other locked door, holding out until Strigoi backup showed up. That made things more difficult, but understanding the setup at least gave me a spark of hope. I just needed to figure out what to do with this information, provided I hadn’t screwed myself by not acting now. For all I knew, Dimitri was about to walk in and turn me into a Strigoi. I sighed. Dimitri, Dimitri, Dimitri. Looking down, I took the time to actually see what she’d brought me. My current attire wasn’t bothering me, but if I stayed here much longer, my jeans and T-shirt were going to get pretty gross. Like Tamara, someone wanted to dress me up. The clothes Inna had brought were all dresses and all in my size. A red silk sheath. A long-sleeved, form-fitting knit dress edged in satin. An empire-waist, ankle-length chiffon gown. â€Å"Oh, great. I’m a doll.† Digging deeper into the stack, I discovered there were a few nightshirts and nightgowns tucked in there-as well as some underwear and bras. All of those were satin and silk. The most casual item in the whole lot was a forest-green sweater dress, but even it was made of the softest cashmere. I held it up, trying to imagine myself making a daring escape in it. Nope. With a shake of my head, I heedlessly tossed all of the clothes onto the floor. Looked like I’d be wearing grungy clothes for a while. I paced around after that, turning over futile escape plans that I’d already spun around in my head a million times. In walking, I realized how tired I was. Aside from the blackout when Dimitri had hit me, I hadn’t slept in over a day. Deciding how to handle this was like deciding how to deal with the food. Let down my guard or not? I needed strength, but each concession I made put me more at risk. At last, I gave in, and as I lay down on the massive bed, an idea suddenly occurred to me. I wasn’t totally without help. If Adrian came to visit me in my sleep, I could tell him what had happened. True, I’d told him to stay away last time, but he’d never listened to me before. Why should this time be any different? I focused on him as hard as I could while I waited for sleep to come, as though my thoughts might act as some sort of bat signal and summon him. It didn’t work. There was no visit in my dreams, and when I woke up, I was surprised at just how much that hurt me. Despite Adrian’s infatuation with Avery, I couldn’t help but recall how kind he’d been to Jill the last time I saw them. He was worried about Lissa, too, and he’d displayed none of his usual carefree bravado. He’d been serious and†¦ well, sweet. A lump formed in my throat. Even if I had no romantic interest in him, I’d still treated him badly. I’d lost both our friendship and any chance of calling for help through him. The soft rustling of paper snapped me from my musings and I jerked upright. Someone was in the living room, his back to me as he sat on the couch, and it took me only a moment to recognize who. Dimitri. â€Å"What are you doing here?† I asked, climbing out of bed. In my groggy state, I hadn’t even registered the nausea. â€Å"Waiting for you to wake up,† he said, not bothering to turn around. He was overly confident in my inability to inflict damage-as well he should have been. â€Å"Sounds kind of boring.† I walked into the living room, moving myself far to the side of him and leaning against the wall. I crossed my arms over my chest, again taking comfort in that meaningless protective posture. â€Å"Not so boring. I had company.† He glanced over at me and held up a book. A western. I think that shocked me almost as much as his altered appearance. There was something so †¦ normal about it all. He’d loved western novels when he was a dhampir, and I’d often teased him about wanting to be a cowboy. Somehow, I’d imagined that hobby would go away when he turned. Irrationally hopeful, I studied his face as though I might see some radical change, like maybe he’d turned back to the way he’d been while I slept. Maybe the last month and a half had been a dream. Nope. Red eyes and a hard expression looked back at me. My hopes shattered. â€Å"You slept for a long time,† he added. I dared a quick look at the window. Totally black. It was nighttime. Damn. I’d only wanted a two-hour power nap. â€Å"And you ate.† The amusement in his voice grated at me. â€Å"Yeah, well, I’m a sucker for pepperoni. What do you want?† He placed a bookmark in the book and set it on the table. â€Å"To see you.† â€Å"Really? I thought your only goal was to make me one of the living dead.† He didn’t acknowledge that, which was a bit frustrating. I hated feeling like what I had to say was being ignored. Instead, he tried to get me to sit down. â€Å"Aren’t you tired of always standing?† â€Å"I just woke up. Besides, if I can spend an hour tossing furniture around, a little standing isn’t that big a deal.† I didn’t know why I was throwing out my usual witty quips. Honestly, considering the situation, I should have just ignored him. I should have stayed silent instead of playing into this game. I guess I kind of hoped that if I made the jokes I used to, I’d get some kind of response from the old Dimitri. I repressed a sigh. There I was again, forgetting Dimitri’s own lessons. Strigoi were not the people they used to be. â€Å"Sitting’s not that big a deal either,† he replied. â€Å"I told you before, I’m not going to hurt you.† â€Å"? ®Hurt’ is kind of a subjective term.† Then, in a sudden decision to seem fearless, I walked over and sat in the armchair across from him. â€Å"Happy now?† He tilted his head, and a few pieces of brown hair escaped from where he’d pulled it back in a small ponytail. â€Å"You still stay beautiful, even after sleeping and fighting.† His eyes flicked down to the clothes I’d tossed on the floor. â€Å"You don’t like any of them?† â€Å"I’m not here to play dress-up with you. Designer clothes aren’t going to suddenly get me on board with joining the Strigoi club.† He gave me a long, penetrating stare. â€Å"Why don’t you trust me?† I stared back, only my stare was one of disbelief. â€Å"How can you ask that? You abducted me. You kill innocent people to survive. You aren’t the same.† â€Å"I’m better, I told you. And as for innocent†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He shrugged. â€Å"No one’s really innocent. Besides, the world is made up of predators and prey. Those who are strong conquer those who are weak. It’s part of the natural order. You used to be into that, if I remember correctly.† I looked away. Back at school, my favorite non-guardian class had been biology. I’d loved reading about animal behavior, about the survival of the fittest. Dimitri had been my alpha male, the strongest of all the other competitors. â€Å"It’s different,† I said. â€Å"But not in the way you think. Why should drinking blood be so strange to you? You’ve seen Moroi do it. You’ve let Moroi do it.† I flinched, not really wanting to dwell on how I used to let Lissa drink from me while we lived among humans. I certainly didn’t want to think about the rush of endorphins that had come with that and how I’d nearly become an addict. â€Å"They don’t kill.† â€Å"They’re missing out. It’s incredible,† he breathed. He closed his eyes for a moment, then opened them. â€Å"To drink the blood of another†¦ to watch the life fade from them and feel it pour into you†¦ it’s the greatest experience in the world.† Listening to him talk about killing others increased my nausea. â€Å"It’s sick and wrong.† It happened so fast that I didn’t have any time to react. Dimitri leapt out and grabbed me, pulling me to him and spreading me out on the couch. With his arm still wrapped around me, he positioned himself so that he was half beside me and half on top. I was too stunned to move. â€Å"No, it’s not. And that’s where you have to trust me. You’d love it. I want to be with you, Rose. Really be with you. We’re free of the rules that others put on us. We can be together now-the strongest of the strong, taking everything we want. We can eventually be as strong as Galina. We could have a place just like this, all our own.† While his bare skin was still cold, the press of the rest of his body against mine was warm. The red in his eyes practically gleamed while this close, and as he spoke, I saw the fangs in his mouth. I was used to seeing fangs on Moroi, but on him†¦ it was sickening. I briefly toyed with the idea of trying to break free but promptly dismissed it. If Dimitri wanted to hold me down, I would stay down. â€Å"I don’t want any of this,† I said. â€Å"Don’t you want me?† he asked with a wicked smile. â€Å"You wanted me once.† â€Å"No,† I said, knowing I lied. â€Å"What do you want then? To go back to the Academy? To serve Moroi who will throw you into danger without a second thought? If you wanted that kind of life, why did you come here?† â€Å"I came to free you.† â€Å"I am free,† he responded. â€Å"And if you’d really intended to kill me, you would have.† He shifted slightly, resting his face close to my neck. â€Å"You couldn’t.† â€Å"I messed up. It won’t happen again.† â€Å"Suppose that were true. Suppose you were able to kill me now. Suppose you were even able to escape. What then? Will you go back home? Will you return to Lissa and let her continue bleeding spirit’s darkness into you?† â€Å"I don’t know,† I replied stiffly. And it was the truth. My plans had never gone past finding him. â€Å"It will consume you, you know. As long as she continues to use her magic, no matter how far away you go, you’ll always feel the side effects. At least as long as she’s alive.† I stiffened in his arms and moved my face away. â€Å"What’s that mean? Are you going to join Nathan and hunt her down?† â€Å"What happens to her is no concern of mine,† he said. â€Å"You are. If you were awakened, Lissa would no longer be a threat to you. You’d be free. The bond would break.† â€Å"And what would happen to her? She’d be left alone.† â€Å"Like I said, that’s no concern of mine. Being with you is.† â€Å"Yeah? Well, I don’t want to be with you.† He turned my face toward him so that we were looking at each other again. Once more, I had that weird feeling of being with Dimitri and not with Dimitri. Love and fear. He narrowed his eyes. â€Å"I don’t believe you.† â€Å"Believe what you want. I don’t want you anymore.† His lips quirked into one of those scary, smirking smiles. â€Å"You’re lying. I can tell. I’ve always been able to.† â€Å"It’s the truth. I wanted you before. I don’t want you now.†If I kept saying it, it would be true. He moved closer to me, and I froze. If I shifted even half an inch, our lips would touch. â€Å"My exterior†¦ my power, yes, that’s different. Better. But otherwise, I’m the same, Roza. My essence hasn’t changed. The connection between us hasn’t changed. You just can’t see it yet.† â€Å"Everything’s changed.† With his lips so close, all I kept thinking about was that brief, passionate kiss he’d given me the last time he was here. No, no, no. Don’t think about that. â€Å"If I’m so different, then why don’t I force you into an awakening? Why am I giving you the choice?† A snappy retort was on my lips, but then it died. That was an excellent question. Why was he giving me the choice? Strigoi didn’t give their victims choices. They killed mercilessly and took what they wanted. If Dimitri truly wanted me to join him, then he should have turned me as soon as he had me. More than a day had passed, and he’d showered me with luxury. Why? If he turned me, I had no doubt that I’d become as twisted as him. It would make everything a lot simpler. He continued when I remained silent. â€Å"And if I’m so different, then why did you kiss me back earlier?† I still didn’t know what to say, and it made his smile grow. â€Å"No answer. You know I’m right.† His lips suddenly found mine again. I made a small sound of protest and tried vainly to escape his embrace. He was too strong, and after a moment, I didn’t want to escape. That same sensation as before flooded me. His lips were cold, but the kiss burned between us. Fire and ice. And he was right-I did kiss him back. Desperately, that rational part of me screamed that this was wrong. Last time, he’d broken the kiss before too much could happen. Not this time. And as we continued kissing now, that rational voice in me grew smaller and smaller. The part of me that would always love Dimitri took over, exulting in the way his body felt against mine, the way he wound my hair around one of his hands, letting the fingers get tangled up. His other hand slid up the back of my shirt, cold against my warm skin. I pushed myself closer to him and felt the pressure of the kiss increase as his own desire picked up. Then, in the midst of it all, my tongue lightly brushed against the sharp point of one of his fangs. It was like a bucket of cold water tossed upon me. With as much strength as I could muster, I jerked my head away, pulling out of the kiss. I could only guess that his guard had been momentarily down, allowing me that small escape. My breathing was heavy, my whole body still wanting him. My mind, however, was the part of me in control-for now, at least. God, what had I been doing? It’s not the Dimitri you knew. It’s not him. I’d been kissing a monster. But my body wasn’t so sure. â€Å"No,† I murmured, surprised by how pathetic and pleading I sounded. â€Å"No. We can’t do this.† â€Å"Are you sure?† he asked. His hand was still in my hair, and he forcibly turned my head so that I was face-to-face with him again. â€Å"You didn’t seem to mind. Everything can be just like it was before†¦ like it was in the cabin†¦ You certainly wanted it then†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The cabin†¦ â€Å"No,† I repeated. â€Å"I don’t want that.† He pressed his lips against my cheek and then made a surprisingly gentle trail of kisses down to my neck. Again, I felt my body’s yearning for him, and I hated myself for the weakness. â€Å"What about this?† he asked, his voice barely a whisper. â€Å"Do you want this?† â€Å"Wh-â€Å" I felt it. The sharp bite of teeth into my skin as he closed his mouth down on my neck. For half an instant, it was agonizing. Painful and horrible. And then, just like that, the pain disappeared. A rush of bliss and joy poured through me. It was so sweet. I had never felt so wonderful in my life. It reminded me a little of how it had been when Lissa drank from me. That had been amazing, but this†¦ this was ten times better. A hundred times better. The rush from a Strigoi bite was greater than that of a Moroi’s. It was like being in love for the first time, filled with that all consuming, joyous feeling. When he pulled away, it felt like all the happiness and wonder in the world had vanished. He ran a hand over his mouth, and I stared at him wide-eyed. My initial instinct was to ask why he’d stopped, but then, slowly, I reached inside myself to fight past the blissful daze that his bite had sent me into. â€Å"Why†¦ what†¦Ã¢â‚¬  My words slurred a little. â€Å"You said it would be my choice†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"It still is,† he said. His own eyes were wide, his breathing heavy too. He’d been just as affected as me. â€Å"I’m not doing this to awaken you, Roza. A bite like this won’t turn you. This†¦ well, this is just for fun†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Then, his mouth moved back to my neck to drink again, and I lost track of the world. 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Changing Economies Essay Research Paper Changing Economies free essay sample

Changing Economies Essay, Research Paper Changing Economies The outlook of today s worker focal points on non merely supplying what is necessary to last for their ain life every bit good as that of their household, but besides thrives for a life of luxury and comfort. Society today is based upon rules that promote a strong work moral principle that buys us comfort and satisfaction. A capitalistic society, spawned by a growing of industry and a goaded force of consumers, is one that encourages luxury and self-fulfillment through material points. On the other terminal of the spectrum there exists a society of which a individual accustomed to the life of free trade and unfastened markets can hardly grok. This is a life of autonomy, a life in which a community may merely bring forth what is perfectly necessary for endurance. This is the autonomous society where there is nil to bask, the lone end in life is to simply remain alive. There is no excess, there is no currency used as a agency of trade, nor does this society have any consumers trading as they please. Free and unfastened markets are considered to be the cardinal elements in our current clip of prosperity. One who is accustomed to such a life of luxury and wealth potency may happen it hard to understand a life of a worker during the medieval ages in Europe. This is a life of necessity, one in which an person is non concerned with stuff wealth and general luxury ; instead the concern is survival. Basically, when comparing two different economic systems such as the current capitalistic economic system with the economic system of mediaeval Europe, the chief representation must be expressed through understanding the life and outlook of the mean worker. In an economic system based on necessity, life is without luxury. There is neither a important excess of physical merchandise nor is there a excess of stuff retentions or wealth. On the contrary, a capitalistic society is based on entrepreneurship and the thrust of the person to make a extremum of fiscal wealth ; in other words, there is a possible for prosperity as agencies of obtaining comfort and familial stableness. The Middle Ages lasted someplace between the autumn of the Roman Empire up until the morning of European Renaissance. Basically, the dark ages were between 476 CE to 1500 CE ( Pluta 79 ) . During this clip, people lived in absolute poorness, conditions was drastic to agriculture, invasion was a changeless menace to the King, and unwellness was a major concern. In these rough life conditions, endurance was the lone thing people thought approximately. In short, life was based on natural necessity. Wealth could merely be measured in land, and the lone manner to derive land was to be a baronial retainer to the King, and as his retainer, land is granted in exchange of military protection, this contract is besides known as a Vassalage. Sing the mentality of Nobles, which was to carry through their serfdom with their King every bit good as live a life of high quality, there was merely one manner to keep land and that was to engage out helot who were provincials that farmed the land and prot ected their baronial liege. There is a basic construction that is apparent in this feudal life ; the economic base of feudal system was agribusiness. ( 86 ) The land held by Lords was used to bring forth harvests ; these harvests produced plenty nutrient to maintain Europe alive. ( Oakley 85 ) In add-on to the economic agricultural base of mediaeval Europe, the # 8230 ; economic system was besides based on larceny. Royalty expanded its wealth, non merely by revenue enhancements, but by stealing from topics of other royalty # 8230 ; ( Pluta 88 ) As the helot struggled to last, much of their difficult labour went to feed the land affluent Lords and male monarchs. These Kings and Nobles spared no disbursal on themselves, as they enjoyed plentiful sums of nutrient and drink. ( 89 ) Many provincials starved and had diets that consisted chiefly of wheat. Peasants had hapless diets and were highly malnourished. ( Roberts 241 ) The drink of pick in mediaeval times was beer. Since the H2O was bad, beer was the best option, and besides offered a beginning of protein to provincials, who seldom ate meat. The Feudal Life was highly hard, life anticipation for helot, who represented about 95 per centum of European population ( Pluta 86 ) , was no more than about 23 old ages. ( 90 ) Merely the elect few lived good. In the dark ages, Kings and Nobles were the elite. There was an highly unfavourable balance of wealth. Peasants, non merely had really small to eat, they had no privateness. The mean worker farmed harvests all twenty-four hours and may hold slept four to five hours a dark. Serfs farmed the land and gave dues to their Lords, these dues consisted chiefly of grains, poulet, or hogs. ( 85 ) They besides had to tithe 10 per centum of their personal crops to back up the local church. Serfs had really small to get down with, yet they gave up in many instances more than they could afford to. The typical medieval manor was divided into three parts: The estate ( land allotted to the Godhead ) , unfastened Fieldss ( land allotted to the helot ) , and the parks ( land that was unfastened to all ) . ( Rider 34 ) This agreement allowed the Godhead to populate offprint from the helot and offered an organisational construction for farming the land. Sing the clip, there was merely adequate infinite a llotted for helot to bring forth a self-fulfilling harvest. The lone individual who was plentiful with harvests was the Lord and the King. In mediaeval times there was no in-between category, you either worked as slave to simply last or you were one of the elect five per centum that lived slightly comfortably. Why would serfs concern about things that are cherished in a free trade society? When the lone thing that keeps you traveling mundane is the thought that you want to populate to see the following twenty-four hours, things like cell phones and personal computing machines are non so of import anymore. It is clear that people in mediaeval times were non really witting of clip, there was no concern for the yesteryear and the hereafter was non something that a individual considers when he/she is seeking to do it in the present. Today, people want to do money. It is of import in current society to thrive financially. It is of import to supply wealth and comfort to the household every bit good. Most people in today s work force are in-between category. Peoples in a capitalist economic system ain concerns or at least, in many instances ain involvements in other concerns. Wealth in general in measured in both material wealth and in paper wealth ( money ) . The mean individual in the capitalist work force lives comfortably. The average household income in the United States as reported by the Census Bureau is about 40 thousand dollars yearly. This income is considered to be in the in-between category bracket. Not to state that everyone in a capitalist society is populating in luxury, but life is much better in the current economic society than it was in mediaeval times. The current free market construct can be traced all the manner back to the age of mercantile system in the clip of European Renaissance. Once the feudal system broke up in Europe, there was a rise in international trade every bit good as agricultural prosperity that resulted in excesss. The chief ground for this trade gap was that travel paths were unfastened during the Crusade motion. These merchandisers were non needfully considered by royalty to be high category, but many of them were rather affluent. From this merchandiser ethic evolved what we know now as a free market. In theory, a free market is self-controlled. Much of the classical economic theory for which our economic system in the U.S. is based comes from The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith. Smith fundamentally defined what an ideal economic construction is. There are several elements in this construct. First, Smith believed that limited function for authorities in the private economic system was necessary for the success of a state, because authorities engagement resulted in more injury than good. ( Pluta 155 ) The 2nd classical construct of a capitalist economic system is the construct of the division of labour. Smith did non contrive this construct in any manner, as a affair of fact, near the terminal of the Middle ages ; some manors specialized in specific harvests. For illustration, Manor A produced merely maize, Manor B produced merely wheat, and Manor C produced murphies. In making this, each manor could do more than they needed and trade for other nutrients and merchandises they needed with their excess ( this is the sort of thing that helped get down mercantile system ) . The U.S. economic system, at least during the fabricating epoch of our economic system was based on specialisation and division of labour, merely expression at how successful the Ford Model T was! The full construct of a capitalist market construction can in many ways be due to Adam Smith s Invisible manus theory. The unse eable manus theory is the basic construct that illustrates the importance of competition ; viing concerns create market criterions and modulate the economic system. ( Viner 53 ) This theory, in pattern, means that a market will equilibrate itself without authorities intercession. The economic system today in the U.S. can be easy summed up in a classical economic rule, which is that of supply and demand. This is a society of consumers. Peoples value material points and purchase merchandises at the monetary value they are willing to pay and supply service of their ain portion in order to hold a medium for exchange of said merchandises. In short, people work to purchase what they want, and merchandises are produced in bend to fulfill client s demands. Plants Cited: Bisson, T.N. The feudal revolution. ( Western Europe from the 10th to the 12th centuries ) . Past A ; Present. n142 ( 1994 ) p6-43. Bridbury, A.R. A Fringy Economy? East Anglian Breckland in the Later Middle Ages. The English Historical Review. v108 n426 ( 1993 ) p180-182. Britnell, R.H. Price-setting in English Borough Markets, 1349-1500. Canadian Journal of History. v31 n1 p1 ( 1996 ) p15-28. Brue, Stanley L. The Evolution of Economic Thought, 5th ed. , Fort Worth: Dryden Press, 1994, pp150-151. Davies, Norman. Europe: A History, Oxford, Oxford University imperativeness, 1996, 291-292. Ekelund, Robert B. et Al. A History of Economic Theory and Method 4th ed. , New York McGraw Hill, 1997, p118. Marshall, Michael. From Mercantilism to The Wealth of Nations. ( 18th-century international trade ) . World and I. v14 i5 ( 1999 ) p18-19. Oakley, Francis The Medieval Experience: Foundations of Western Cultural Singularity, New York, NY: Charles Scribner s boies, 1974, pp.84-87. Pluta, Joseph E. From Adam and Eve to Adam Smith, Massachesetts: Copley Publishing Group, 2000. Rider, Christine An Introduction to Economic History, Cincinatti, Ohio: SW Colleg Publishing, 1995, pp. 30-36. Roberts, J.M. A Short History of the World, New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1993, pp. 229-249. Strahan, W. et Al. ECONOMICS Focus: Introducing large authorities. The Economist ( US ) . v353 i8151 ( 1999 ) p94-97. Viner, Jacob. The Intellectual History of Laissez-Faire, Journal of Law and Economics. v3 No. 3 ( 1960 ) p45-69.

Cuases and Effects of Global Warming on World Economy Essay Example

Cuases and Effects of Global Warming on World Economy Paper As one of the urgent issues of human existence during the coming 50 years, global warming has become a widespread concern among the world community. Global warming can be defined as the abnormal increase of the average temperature on the surface of the earth. According to statistics, average temperatures have been increased by 1. 4 degrees Fahrenheit (0. 8 degree Celsius) around the world since 1 880 (National Geographic News, 2007). This easy will outline the causes and illustrate the effects on economies around the world with a series of evidence and data. To begin with, two main causes of the climate change will be outlined, which are leveled to be the result from natural phenomenon, and human activities. Some of the natural phenomenon, such as solar radiation and the cyclical change in the atmosphere of the earth, have significantly caused the climate change. Since the solar energy is the basic source of the earth climate system, it is believed that the sudden change of solar radiation output attributable to solar activities such as sunspot and solar storm, may affects global climate in a short period (Natural Causes of Global Warming, 2010). In another aspect, the position of the earth relative to the sun also varies slightly in the climate change. We will write a custom essay sample on Cuases and Effects of Global Warming on World Economy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Cuases and Effects of Global Warming on World Economy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Cuases and Effects of Global Warming on World Economy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To some extent, the periodic movement of the earth can increase the radiation receipt at high northern latitudes especially during the summer time, which is regarded as one of the causations of the going-up temperature (Easterlies and Karl, 2008). While the natural causes take a hand in heating up the earth, the impact of human activities is undoubtedly the major cause of climate change. With a concentration on the greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, it is primarily produced by fossil fuels combustion, deforestation and waste diapason. This type of gases is constantly trapping the heat from the sun in the atmosphere. Because of the industrialization, the level of carbon dioxide is 1 00 parts per million by volume compared to pre-industrialization, and is growing up at a rate of 1. 9 parts per million by volume every year (Easterlies and Karl, 2008). Assumed that there is no natural greenhouse effect, the average temperature of the earth should be under O degrees F instead of 57 degrees F now (ibid). Conceivably, the earth is continuously being heated up until it is no longer possible to jussive if no measure is taken. Many factors build up this human crisis, simultaneously, many consequences have been emerged by this crisis. With the focus on economy in the world, the climate change is the element being reckoned with in the following three fields: agriculture, the supply of energy and the cost of government. Agriculture is an industry directly affected by climate change. This particular industry is sensitive to climatic conditions especially the rainfall and the distribution of temperature. Closely related to the climate system, these conditions influenced by climate change makes a great difference to agricultural productivity. Due to a sudden change of the amount of fresh water come from the rainfall, the yield of rice and cotton in Peru decreased by 9% than before in 1983 following the El Onions event that is caused by climate change the year before (Houghton, 2007). However, the major effect on agriculture is not the damage of the unusual climatic condition change, but the statements in agricultural structure. Because of the movement of monsoon region and climate zones, different species change their the competitiveness within an ecosystem in order to suit the environment, which will lead to large change in the composition of ecosystem (ibid. ). As a result, the countries that are agriculture-based economy will change their economic structure and the proportion of import and export of goods. For developing countries with a weaker economic foundation, it is not only a chance but also a risk. Moreover, the climate change also has an effect on the energy supply. The original energy sources used for production and living, such as wood and coal, release a great amount of greenhouse gases when it is being burnt, and inevitably cause the aggravation of the climate. In order to avoid this from continuing new energy sources are explored and start to being used. Known as a kind of clean-air energy, the nuclear energy has greater value than any minds of fossil fuels. This type of power could still produce electricity constantly with less fuel and less pollution to the air when the original combatant eroding the earth (Parker, 2009). With the development of energy technology, it is believed that the new energy which isles harmful to the earth Will make great contribution to humans. Finally, the government plays an important role in protecting the climate. To prevent the climate from further change, every country has committed to environmental protection and invested a huge amount of money. From 1 990 to 2005, the government in each country with per capita GAP has invested ever 4600$ in reforestation in order to slow down climate change (Reuters, 2006). On the other hand, in Europe, the government gets economic benefits from the persevered forested land every year (ibid. ). According to this data, perhaps it is a hard job for many poor countries, but it is necessary for human-beings. In conclusion, result from numerous factors, climate change has a wide range effect on many aspects especially the global economy. But all in all, it does more harm than good. For the sake of preventing the planet that belongs to human, all measures souls be taken to protect the earth.

Guide to the Upper Paleolithic

Guide to the Upper Paleolithic The Upper Paleolithic (ca 40,000-10,000 years BP) was a period of great transition in the world. The Neanderthals in Europe became edged out and disappeared by 33,000 years ago, and modern humans began to have the world to themselves. While the notion of a creative explosion has given way to a recognition of a long history of the development of human behaviors long before we humans left Africa, there is no doubt that things really got cooking during the UP. Timeline of the Upper Paleolithic In Europe, it is traditional to split the Upper Paleolithic into five overlapping and somewhat regional variants, based on differences between stone and bone tool assemblages. Chatelperronian (~40,000-34,000 BP) Aurignacian (~45,000-29,000 BP) Gravettian/Upper Perigordian (29,000-22,000)Solutrean (22,000-18,000 BP)Magdalenian (17,000-11,000 BP) Azilian/Federmesser (13,000-11,000 BP) Tools of the Upper Paleolithic Stone tools of the Upper Paleolithic were primarily blade-based technology. Blades are stone pieces that are twice as long as they are wide  and, generally, have parallel sides. They were used to create an astonishing range of formal tools, tools created to specific, wide-spread patterns with specific purposes. In addition, bone, antler, shell and wood were used to a great degree for both artistic and working tool types, including the first eyed needles presumably for making clothing about 21,000 years ago. The UP is perhaps best known for the cave art, wall paintings and engravings of animals and abstractions at caves such as Altamira, Lascaux, and Coa. Another development during the UP is mobiliary art (basically, mobiliary art is that which can be carried), including the famous Venus figurines and sculpted batons of antler and bone carved with representations of animals. Upper Paleolithic Lifestyles People living during the Upper Paleolithic lived in houses, some built of mammoth bone, but most huts with semi-subterranean (dugout) floors, hearths, and windbreaks. Hunting became specialized, and sophisticated planning is shown by the culling of animals, selective choices by season, and selective butchery: the first hunter-gatherer economy. Occasional mass animal killings suggest that in some places and at some times, food storage was practiced. Some evidence (different site types and the so-called schlep effect) suggest that small groups of people went on hunting trips and returned with meat to the base camps. The first domesticated animal appears during the Upper Paleolithic: the dog, companion to us humans for over 15,000 years. Colonization during the UP Humans colonized Australia and the Americas by the end of the Upper Paleolithic  and moved into hitherto unexploited regions such as deserts and tundras. The End of the Upper Paleolithic The end of the UP came about because of climate change: global warming, which affected humanitys ability to fend for itself. Archaeologists have called that period of adjustment the Azilian. Upper Paleolithic Sites See Upper Paleolithic Sites in Europe Israel: Qafzeh Cave, Ohalo II Egypt: Nazlet Khater Morocco: Grotte des Pigeons Australia: Lake Mungo, Devils Lair, Willandra Lakes Japan: Sunagawa Georgia: Dzudzuana Cave China: Yuchanyan Cave Americas Daisy Cave, Monte Verde Sources See specific sites and issues for additional references. Cunliffe, Barry. 1998. Prehistoric Europe: An Illustrated History. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Fagan, Brian (editor). 1996 The Oxford Companion to Archaeology, Brian Fagan. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

Audit of international fashion marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Audit of international fashion marketing - Essay Example Concomitant with the above stated, it is further important to emphasise that South Korea has been recognized for its economic expansion, which was in a shorter period of time than any other country in modem history (Holstein & Nakarmi, 1995). While economic growth was stalled by the onset of the Asian Financial Crisis, S. Korea has since recovered. It reported GDP growth of 8.8 percent in 2000 and 2.7 percent in 2001 (Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs, 2002, pp.1-3). Despite Korea's current economic fluctuation, it is still a major Western export market. In 2001, Korea was the eighth largest overall trade partner of the U.S., up from ninth in 1998 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2001, p.8). Korea is the sixth largest market for Western exports (U.S. Census Bureau, 2001, p.8) and the U.S. alone provided twenty percent of Korea's imports for the first eight months of 2001 (Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs, 2002, pp. 1-3). With increasing trade between the West and Korea, it is import ant for U.S. exporters who are targeting Korean markets, to understand Korean consumers' purchasing behavior. Proceeding from the above stated, it appears that S. Korea may be receptive to Topshop products, both from the economic and the regulatory perspectives. To ensure positive reception, however, it is necessary that the marketing campaign be based on a solid understanding of the country's fashion market and Topshop's potential customers. 2 Fashion Market in South Korea The market for imported casual clothing is especially important because casual clothing for both men and women has taken up almost half of Korea's total imported clothing market. According to Euromonitor (2005), imported clothing for both men and women held 41% of the total clothing market in 2004. At that time, formal clothing for women (26%). formal clothing for men (15%), clothing for babies and children (4), sportswear (11%), and golf wear (9%) accounted for their respective shares in the import market, as indicated in the graph below (Euromonitor, 2005). Regarding casual clothing, the imports were from, in order, the USA (32%). Italy (33%), and Hong Kong (18%), as indicated in the chart below (Euromonitor, 2005), The biggest market share of imported casual clothing reflects the huge growth potential of the casual clothing market for international marketers and the extent of the threat with which domestic marketers are confronted. The graphs and tables in the above communicate two important facts. The first is that the South Korean economy is receptive to foreign imports, as determined through its economic performance and its regulatory environment. The second is that the casual clothing market is a highly lucrative one, with statistics further evidencing the strong market performance of Western fashion. Within the context of the stated, one can tentatively forward the assumption that the South Korean market will positively receive and react to Topshop products. In further reflection upon the information presented in the above, it is clear that some Western markets have a much higher share of the South Korean apparel and fashion market than do others. The UK is hardly represented at all and the United States is disproportionately so. The implication here is that

Discuss Jean Baudrillard's theory of The society of the Simulacrum. Is Essay

Discuss Jean Baudrillard's theory of The society of the Simulacrum. Is photography one of its mechanism or one of its casualties - Essay Example Furthermore, these images have influence on us and our perception. It is not easy to answer directly the question: Is photography one of its mechanisms or one of its casualties This paper will try to approach both sides of the issue considering the place of photography and images take in Jean Baudrillard's theory of simulacrum; it will also give examples and scenes illustrating the key-point factors concerning photography in the theory. It will help to understand Jean Baudrillard's theory of the society of the Simulacrum and approach to the answer. 2. Jean Baudrillard gave its own sense of the term "simulacra". He explained that this term means hyperreality which takes place while we live and learn the world around us through photography and other visual images: "Baudrillard claims that our society has replaced all reality and meaning with symbols and signs, and that in fact all that we know as real is actually a simulation of reality. The simulacra that Baudrillard refers to are signs of culture and media that create the reality that we perceive" (5). Almost all that we see and know about the world and people is taken by us through visual images created by media and contemporary technologies. Photography also plays a very important role for our world perception. But photography has its own specialities for an observer: "The photograph reproduces what only happens once. It repeats mechanically what will never be repeated existentially. In it, the event doesn't transcend itself into something else" (3). An observer has no abili ty to see an event reflected on photography in action. It reflects reality of events which are already gone. So, a photo picture is not real for us. So, it is related to Jean Baudrillard's theory of simulacrum as unreal world. Photography, as well as some other images which bring us visual information, is the imprint of a past event made by technical means, and has no real relation to the present: "The photography, the film, the novel, the art testify since the 19th century of this emergence of the object, of objects in their matter-of-factness, in their nauseous banality, in their hostile technicity" (3).An operator making a snapshot is a part of the mechanism. He plays an active role in transforming reality into visual images. He stops the instant; he is a moderator of the process. And his function of reality reflecting comes to an end when a snapshot has been done. So, he is not a part of this reflected reality: "In any case, the operator has to disappear at the same time as he m akes his object disappear. This is a part of the magical illusion of the photography. Have you noticed that God is absent from all photographs And why is He absent Because Himself is the photographer" (3). So, Jean Baudrillard makes

Saint Andrew The Apostle Theology Religion Essay

Saint Andrew The Apostle Theology Religion Essay Saint Andrew the Apostle is known by all of Christianity as one of Jesus closest friends. Saint Andrews symbol is shown all over the world in Europe, Scotland, and even in United States history. Saint Andrew the Apostle is the patron saint of Scotland with an interesting story behind it. Saint Andrew the Apostle is also known as the first apostle, so his life was tough and very interesting to think about (Jones). No one knows when Saint Andrew was born, but it was in the early first century A.D. Saint Andrew died in the mid-first century A.D. Saint Andrews feast day is November 30 (Jones). Saint Andrew was crucified on a saltire cross or X shaped cross, and is considered a martyr. Saint Andrew was the first of the twelve Apostles, and his brother was Peter. His trade was a fisherman (Hoever 483). Also, because Saint Andrew was the first Apostle, his feast day is placed on, or the closest date to, the first Sunday of advent and the new church year (Kiefer). Saint Andrew is not mentioned a lot in the book, Acts of the Apostles, because he was mostly gone, travelling and spreading the good news to the world at the time (Roberts). Saint Andrew was a follower of Saint John the Baptist and younger brother of Saint Peter. When John said, Behold the Lamb of God, Andrew immediately knew what he meant and left everything to follow Jesus (Roberts). Saint Andrew was there when Jesus fed five-thousand people with five barley loaves and two fish. In fact he was the one who brought the boy with the food to Jesus. Saint Andrew also spoke Greek, so he translated Greek peoples words who wanted to talk to Jesus (Kiefer). It has been said that after Jesus death, Saint Andrew preached in Asia Minor. When Saint Andrew was to be crucified in Patras, Greece, he begged to be crucified in a different position than Jesus. He felt that he was unworthy to die the same way as Jesus did (Hoever 483). Saint Andrew is the patron saint of many things. Saint Andrew is the patron saint against fever, against gout, against neck pain, against sore throats, and against whooping cough. He is also the patron saint of   anglers, boatmen, butchers, farm workers, fish dealers, fish mongers, fishermen, happy marriages, maidens, mariners, miners, old maids, pregnant women, sail makers, sailors, single lay women, singers, spinsters, textile workers, unmarried women, water carriers, women who wish to become mothers, Knights of the Golden Fleece, Spanish armed forces, University of Patras, Austria, Germany, Greece, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Romania, Russia, Scotland, Spain, Bithynia, Asia Minor, five cities in Belgium, four cities in England, five cities in France, sixteen cities in Germany, Achaia/  Greece, Patras/  Greece, twelve cities in Italy, Luqa/ Malta, Hattem/  Netherlands, Manila/  Philippines, Saint Andrews/  Scotland, Encinasola,  Huelva/  Spain, and San Andreas/  Cali fornia (Jones). After Saint Andrews death when Constantine, the first Christian emperor of Rome, became the emperor around the year 308, he ordered for Saint Andrews remains to be put in a church in Constantinople. Saint Regulus, the person bringing Saint Andrews remains to Rome, was told by an angel to take his remains north, far away from Rome. He ended up creating the settlement of Saint Andrew in what is today known as parts of Scotland and Russia. Saint Andrews remains are currently residing in a church in Patras, Greece. Saint Andrew was actually never canonized! Canonization never existed until the twelfth century A.D. (Jones). There was also a gospel of Andrew written, but it was denied to be recognized by the church and was lost (Ferguson 50). Saint Andrew has not been known for a specific miracle, but Pictish King Angus prayed to the saints to help him in a battle that he would probably not win. He looked into the blue sky and saw a white saltire or X in the sky as he went into battle, and came out as the victor. Later King Angus made Saint Andrew the patron Saint of Scotland. Saint Andrew has been known to help maidens find their husbands if you pray to him on his feast day, November 30. Also Saint Andrew has been known to repair your voice to help singers (Jones). The saltire is Saint Andrews symbol; it is a diagonal X. This is Saint Andrews symbol because he died on the cross in this position. The saltire can be found all over the world. It can be found in Scotlands current flag showing what King Angus saw. You can find it in Great Britains flag under the cross. You can find it in an American Social Studies textbook. The Confederate flag purposely put it there in honor of Saint Andrew and Saint Patrick! The saltire is all over the world, you just have to find it (Kiefer). There are many reasons why I chose Saint Andrew the Apostle. One of the reasons I chose Saint Andrew the Apostle is because we have the same name and I thought that was kind of cool. I also chose Saint Andrew the Apostle because I knew I could find information on him and I knew that he was one of Jesus closest friends. I also thought that it was cool that he died on a saltire, not a cross. Another reason I chose St. Andrew the Apostle is that he died for his faith. I love how much faith he had in Jesus, and even when he died, he died loving Jesus and God. I do wish that I could have the strength and love for God as much as he did. This is why I love Saint Andrew the Apostle and admire him so much. I hope that after you read this essay, if or when you see Scotlands flag youll know Saint Andrew is the reason for the flags pattern.

“Gold Miss”: Single successful women in work force in Korea

Two articles that were discussed in class touched on married women in the work force in Korea, Taiwan and Japan. All of these articles examine the changes in married women’s employment that industrialized society face. Higher participation of married women’s employment compared to the past can be explained by higher labor supply and demand caused by industrialization, social structures, changes in women’s role in family, and higher women’s education. These changes not only affect married women but also single women in Asia. I would like to go delve more into and also go beyond the readings and look more into the single women in general, with specific focus on Korea. Particularly, events regarding women at work has led to the rise of the â€Å"gold miss† in Korean culture recently has created significant cultural shifts in the way the largely Confucian society views women and how these women do business. Korean Culture Korea is home to a deeply Confucian society. Under such a system, women are relegated to a lower position, wherein they have to follow the wishes and dictates of the head of the family: the father, then the husband and then the grown sons. There are strict dictates that has crossed over to national laws on succession. Korean norms have been blamed for the lack of opportunities for women (August and Tuten, 2003, p. 118). Women traditionally stay at home after marriage to take care of family. Children usually live with their parents until they are married and the eldest son is left to care of the aging parents. Women in the Workforce In their study, Rachel August and Tracy Tuten laments that only 48% of women participate in the Korean workforce. The country's labor market is highly-segregated with jobs that are meant only for men exclusively. Korean men also have a virtual monopoly on managerial and executive level jobs, where only 7% are held by women (August and Tuten, 2003, p. 109). In contrast, women in the United Kingdom have a 66% participation in the labor force, while 33% of employed women hold managerial and executive level jobs (August and Tuten, 2003, p. 109). The pay between men and women is different too, with women getting only 60% of what their male counterparts get (Yoo, 2003, p. 367). Most Korean women had to fight a patriarchal society where in everyone — from employers policymakers, and even fellow employees — prefer males over females. As such, they get jobs that pay less (Brinton, et. al. , 1995, p. 1101) The dismal situation of women is due to the fact that workplaces in Korea lack protection like laws against gender discrimination, harassment and other similar laws. Korean women are also facing challenges in terms of getting their education that would have equipped them with the skills and knowledge needed for higher level positions (August and Tuten, 2003, p. 17). This has changed in recent years, however. With the advent of industrialization in Korea, more and more women had married later and the fertility rate fell. Korean women had more time to participate in the activities of the labor market. Korean women also gained more education, and consequently more work experience, which in turn makes them more attractive to employers (Brinton, et. al. , 1995, p. 1100) Married Korean women are less likely to be involved in formal employment, as many companies also encourage women employees to resign after marriage (Yoo, 2003, p. 384). Shift in Korean Culture The increases in the number of working married women and single woman households both represent a significant departure from the traditional Korean family structure. Women are now choosing to keep their jobs even after marriage and many grown-up children are moving out of the family home to live alone and choosing to postpone marriage. More and more women are also getting higher education compared to women in the 70s and 80s. These grown-up daughters that have successful careers postpone marriage and enjoy their single-blessedness and economic independence. In the past in Korea, marriage used to be only institution frame work for women to secure stability in their lives. But now that social conditions have changed greatly and women exert more power in economic activities women are increasingly taking charge of their lives. Thus, in recent years, more and more women are staying single, earning more, and fighting societal pressures that dictate when they should settle down. They have been termed gold misses, a play of words and a corruption of â€Å"Old Miss†. Gold misses are highly successful single women who are way above the traditional marrying age of the late twenties and early thirties. According to the Chosun Ilbo, an English language Korean newspaper, the typical gold miss has a college degree, a professional job that pays at least KRW40 million (around US$43,000) annually. A gold miss go for sophistication both in looks and image (Gold Miss Among†¦ , 2007, para. 2). More than changing their looks and living upwardly in society, gold misses are changing Korean society. Whereas before, women above thirty are frowned upon as spinsters who failed to catch a husband, with all the attendant stereotypes against it. Now gold misses are seen to enjoy their independence — both personal and economic (Gold Miss Among†¦ , 2007, para. 1). They are also breaking through stereotypes that unmarried women in their mid-thirties have something wrong with them, or have been through a difficult experience, or just plain stubborn. These are women who do not rely on a husband to keep them alive, and they are enjoying it. For Ham In-hee, a sociologist at Ewha Women's University marriage for a gold miss is a choice, instead of a desperate and only means to be stable. Ham relates that women â€Å"who are financially capable,† have a tendency to marry late (Chosun Ilbo, 2007, para. 3). The view is shared by Lee Woong-jin, chief executive officer of a dating company. Ms. Lee says that gold misses think they can continue living alone because they earn enough to support themselves (Gold Miss Among†¦ , 2007, para. 2). Other changes are evident. Gold misses are known to be ‘fashionistas', and have influenced trends in Korean fashion and food (Kang, 2008, para. ). Gold misses, though a relatively new development in the conservative Korean culture, are increasing. Kang In-sun, writing for the Chosun Ilbo, reports on data released by the Korea Employment Information Service that says that there were 27,233 gold misses in 2006, an increase of almost twelve-fold from around 2,000 just five years before. The report also says that gold misses are now found in a growing range of industries and profession, securing top jobs in private institutions, filmmaking, theater, writing, broadcasting, medicine, design and management, among others (Kang, 2008, para. ). The number will rise, as 68% of women in their twenties and thirties surveyed indicated that they would like to remain single (Kang, 2008, para. 5). Meanwhile, an overwhelming 90% of girls aged 10 think that marriage is a choice, instead of a must (Kang, 2007, para. 7). The prevalence and impact of gold misses is so widespread that Korean marketers have taken note of them, and have even come up with spin-off labels like â€Å"silver miss† or single women in their 30s who are earning less than KRW30 million, and â€Å"platinum miss† or women who earn more than KRW100 million annually (Kim, 2008, para. ). As more women become more economically active and more financially-independent these days and as views on marriage have changed dramatically, these single professional women, in their thirties and forties without pressure to get married, enjoy the feeling of accomplishment at work and gain more free time for themselves, rather than doing housework and caring for children as housewives do. Having no husbands and children also increases their autonomy on spending. Gold misses are willing to and can spend on anything they want, especially on their self-development, looks, health, skills and on leisure, their changes in lifestyle and spending start to have impact on various industries such as tourism, fashion, art and music business, interior design such as kitchen appliances, and matchmaking business. As a result, the purchasing power of singles makes them an important consumer group. Kim Ji-soo, a culture editor at the Korea Times, writes that while Korean women had been slow to change in a â€Å"strongly Confucian† society, they are now taking on more and new challenges and working in professions that used to be male domain. The causes for the rise of the gold miss are varied, and touches a spectrum of economic and social factors including (but not limited to) higher labor supply and demand caused by industrialization, changes in women’s role in family, higher women’s education, and increase in voices advocating gender equality and equal opportunities at work, among other things. The Korea Times, however, proposes another cause. Bae Ji-sook relates that the cost of marriage, including childrearing, housing and education, could be the main reason why a progressively increasing number of women are opting to stay single. With the shift in Korean thinking with regards to the convention of women getting married in their late twenties or early thirties, there is less pressure to get married and risk acquiring these costs (Bae, 2008, para. 6-8). In fact, a recent survey found that 22% of Korean singles found marriage costs too prohibitive and cited that as one of the reasons not to get married. Other reasons were the prevalence of divorce, and the idea of enjoying the single life. Almost a quarter said that they haven't found the right one yet. The survey had 1,826 respondents, 70% of them were women (Kang, 2007, paras. 1-4). Traditional values of family and harmony influenced by Confucian philosophy are disappearing, new values of individualism and independence are new inflow, and women are reacting to this change by choosing to work and marry late. On to of these changes in social values, higher cost of marriage and raising children causes further departure from traditional roles for single women. Additionally, women’s success in their career will continue to emerge as a valuable consumer group in the future. With such changes in conventional idea, their economic and social power, and consumer market towards them, they seem to have less reason to get married and the increase the number of unmarried women in their thirties and forties is likely to continue. * * * The rise of the gold misses can thus be seen as a natural consequence of the Korean woman’s progress in the country’s labor market. It is an evolution that took years to unravel. With the change in Korea’s business climate and labor environment, women became introduced into its labor force, an event which led to further changes down the road and created a cyclical cause and effect. As women became more active in their participation in the country’s labor force, the more opportunities opened for them to further their education and chalk up their work experience, which in turn made them more attractive to employers and opened the doors to more jobs. The pressures of society and culture, however, remained. In time, Korean women learned that having their best interests in mind and following the norms do not necessarily go together, and thus the evolution comes to its current form: the gold misses. Combined with this realization are the changes in the country’s norms and governance that allowed for more gender equality. It can be argued then that gold misses are the daughters who are reaping the benefits that have been set up for them by women of the past. They are also blessed to be working at a time when Korean society and culture had eased and changed. But as mothers can differ from their daughters in a lot of ways, so does today’s gold misses and the traditional married working women. Married working women of the past were at most followers of society’s dictated norms of how they should act and when they should act, and at the very least, they were constrained by their culture. Career women felt the urge to get married at an age that is largely dictated by society, at a time when they should have been at their peak, professionally speaking. These women may be doing the deals in the corporate boardroom, but they come home to cook for their husbands and care for their children. Gold misses eschewed that role, and by ignoring societal dictates, they have become progenitors of a new culture. By refusing to be tied down, they have gathered enough power to create a unique culture that soon became more and more mainstream. They became a force to be considered, if only for their collective purchasing power. Without responsibilities to take care of a family, they have the luxury of thinking only for themselves. Instead of being dictated by culture, gold misses have turned the tables and are now dictating what the culture should be. More and more gold misses are stepping into roles that women of the past have not even dreamed of. The arena for male-dominated fields is shrinking as more women are invading the work force. Whereas traditional married working women were contented in defining their value by the men in the lives, and anchoring their stability on their marriage, gold misses are challenging the patriarchal traditions and Confucian hierarchies. Women in the workplace are also changing the business culture away from â€Å"alcohol-inspired karaoke fests† into something more transparent and above-board. These women are also discouraging blind loyalty towards superiors (Asiaweek, 2001, paras. 3-4). Stability is no longer anchored to the thickness of their husbands’ wallets, but their own. Culture and society are two very dynamic forces, and they affect one another. While it is evidently a much better time to be a single work woman in Korea nowadays more than ever, there is still a long way to go to achieve more independence from and equality with men. The gold miss phenomenon is a clear indicator, though, that women in Korea are on the right track.